After breakfast, descend into the crater for a full day of game viewing. A picnic lunch will be taken on the crater floor. The crater supports up to 25,000 large mammals. Grazers dominate: zebra, wildebeest – accounting for almost half the animals – gazelle, buffalo, eland, hartebeest and warthog. Giraffes, for example, stay away because there is insufficient food at tree level; topi because they compete directly with wildebeest.
An odd feature of the crater elephants is that they are almost exclusively bulls. Breeding herds – comprising large numbers of females and young with a few attendant older males – are probably unable to find sufficient quality food in the crater.
Ngorongoro has carnivores in quantity, drawn by the large herds of prey animals. It has the most dense population of large predators, mainly lions – about 100 – and more than 400 spotted hyenas, living in eight clans of up to eighty individuals. Both lions and hyenas will scavenge from each other, depending on weight of numbers and of course, hunger.
Dinner and overnight at Marera valley lodge: Full board.